The computer algorithms of thermal geotomography technology are based on the solution of the heat equation taking into account the dependence on the depth of the endogenous heat flux of the Earth, determined by the geothermal gradient and the vertical convection velocity.
The multilayer mathematical thermal model of the Geo-environment obtained as a result of processing the initial data describes the physical process, which consists of the redistribution in the three-dimensional space of the endogenous heat flux of the Earth, fixed on the IR imagery of the surface (at the most suitable daytime), which displays the integrated distribution of the emissivity of discrete elements in the volume of the geo-environment.
The geological paradigm underlying the TGT includes modern concepts of the geodynamics of the earth's crust, as well as a notion of the deep inorganic origin of hydrocarbons. The idea of the structure of the Earth's lithosphere is based on the idea of a mosaic-block structure of the Earth, first proclaimed by V.G. Khain [Khain, 1975] and developed by L.I. Krasny (Krasny, 1968, 1977) and M.A. Sadovski [Sadovsky , 1987, 1991], which was confirmed in the results of geological and geophysical researches from global to local levels.
The main using postulates are:
- Fractures restrict geoblocks, which can be active and in a state of compression, thrusting or sliding;
- Fractures and geoblocks are amenable to a fairly clear rank classification;
- Fractures form quite extensive destructive zones (depending on the rank of the fracture), to which hydrocarbon deposits are mainly confined.
It is the deep fractures that supply the heterogeneous mixtures of hydrocarbons, which later became secondary deposits of oil and gas.
The genetic connection of oil and gas deposits with destructive zones of the geoenvironment is the starting point for modern exploration for oil and gas.